The Biosphere Reserve Eastern Carpatiens/Východné Karpaty, which is a part of trilateral BR spreading partly in Poland and Ukraine was established in 1993 and it was also included to the UNESCO programme Man and the Biosphere. In conformity with the three basic claims of the programme – nature conservation, regional development and logistics – in the five years of its existence the main emphasis was put to nature conservation, i.e. to rescue the most valuable ecosystems and selected taxons of flora and fauna. In this field the biggest progress was achieved: in autumn 1997 National Park Poloniny was established in the most valuable part of BR. In less extent there were studied problems of man and his activities in BR from the first trace until the present. Less attention was paid to proposal for conservation of his positive impacts on the landscape from the viewpoint of diversity and cultural values. An approach and some conclusions of the research of human impact on nature is presented.