In the given study the author carried out investigations on ecology of Salix acutifolia and its role in soil-forming process and creating plant communities in areas of extreme edaphic conditions. Soil-forming influence of this willow is connected with chemical composition (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Al., Zn, Cu, Li, Ni, Cd, Pb) of its litter (leaf, bark, fine twigs), which enriches sand after decomposition. Investigations proved that herbaceous plants and tree seedlings in open areas could develop only under the canopy of willow. Exchangeable cations are also directly concentrated within the range of canopy. This property of willow causes that it can develop in sandy areas. It points at the possibility to apply this species in land reclamation in anthropogenically transformed areas as the alternative for cost-consuming ways of alien species introducing into the landscape.