The ever-increasing impact of infrastructure on landscape causes important deep functional but also morphological and structural changes. They manifest themselves not only in urban and suburban but also rural landscapes. It is first of all the consequence of the changing society’s way of life. The paper briefly characterizes the development and current situation in urbanization or suburbanization accompanied by expansion of infrastructure with its impact on landscape. Principal characteristics of spatial differentiation of Slovakia’s territory achieved by means of a summarizing index of existing infrastructure are outlined in detail while the main issue is the differences between the rural and urban landscapes. Changes in cultural landscape caused by the expanding infrastructure are described on example of the Sub-Little Carpathian Region in the south-western part of Slovakia. These changes raise a number of questions associated with further research of landscape and the new needs in the sphere of landscape or environmental planning. The issue of conserving the traditional cultural landscape also becomes a serious problem. Landscape research, planning and protection tending to sustainable management processes taking place in landscape require top quality and reliable data which, apart from other, should first of all contain important information about the dynamically changing forms of infrastructure and its spatial differentiation.