In 17 native and man-made forest ecosystem types a survey was made of the main habitat factors (by the indirect Ellenberg method) and leaf characteristics in the bottom layer. Quantitatively the constitution of these types was estimated from the viewpoint of light, temperature, moisture, continentality, soil reaction, N, humus content and soil diversity as well as in terms of the shape and size, consistency and seasonality of leaves and the leaf diversity coefficient. The relationship between the individual factors and the structural-vegetational parameters was investigated. The relations and interactions have also been followed between native and anthropogenic forest ecosystem types.