Landscape Memorial Zones (LMZ) are declared in the Czech Republic since the beginning of 1990ies to protect out- standing examples of historical landscapes formed by man activities and preserved till the present. On the whole 74 areas were proposed to protect, but only 23 ones were offially declared as Landscape Memorial Zones up to now. Most of them protect well-preserved landscape compositions around feudal residences with alleys, courts, mansions, English gardens with artifiial water bodies and other artefacts purposefully placed in the landscape. Three Land- scape Memorial Zones were established to protect areas of signifiant historical battefilds from the 19th century and their monuments. Recently 4 new LMZ were declared by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic to pro- tect historical mining landscape of the Ore Mountains in the Northwest Bohemia. According to the demands of the European Landscape Convention, new Landscape Memorial Zones should be declared to protect more varied types of cultural historical landscapes; not only planned landscape compositions, but also organically developed types of agricultural and old industrial landscapes. It is necessary to develop methodical principles how to protect and care for historical landscapes and apply them in the practice, as well.