: To the most important exterior conditions of the development of landscape ecology belongs at present time the paradigm of the sustainable development of the society and the environment. This paradigm is simultaneously the spiritual upholder of development in current landscape ecology. The concept of sustainable development interpreted now as a cross-cut or even synthesis of the socio-economic, environmentalecological and institutional aspects forms an ever more advantageous social background to generation of an integrated scientific discipline which would deal wit the subject in more systemic and comprehensive way. The sustainable development creates the certain philosophic-strategic and value framework and orientation for the basic and applied landscape-ecological research on the one side and the great challenge for the landscape ecology by the research of the sustainable development pillars, indicators and limits on the other.