This contribution deals with the diversity of ground dwelling beetle communities (Coleoptera) of the vineyard landscape in the vicinity of Modra (southwestern Slovakia). During the one-year research 2018-2019, 443 species of beetles were recorded, including also typical indicator species of this region such as Exomias formaneki and Drasterius bimaculatus. The species Ophonus ardosiacus, which is a new species for the fauna of Slovakia, has also been recorded. The research results present data on the diversity of beetles on the three characteristic habitat types of the studied vineyard landscape (differently used vineyards, historical agricultural landscape structures representing stone walls and terraces and fragments of native oak forests on a stone ground) as well as information on how beetle communities were formed after the change of native forest habitats in historical times in man-made and managed habitats such as vineyards, stone mounds and walls, terraces.