The landscape-ecological research enjoys a rich tradition in Slovakia. It supported the environmental research and became part of solution to this problem that developed to the conception of sustainable development. Academic institutions, universities, as well as the private sector and non-governmental organizations represent its institutional basis. In the forthcoming years it is necessary to concentrate upon the solution of the problems of sustainable landscape development and sustainable ecosystem use as part of an ecologically acceptable land use, rational utilization of nature, natural resources, protection of landscape stability and biodiversity, as well as protection and creation of the environment. The realization of the programme of sustainable landscape development needs an interdisciplinary approach. Its base will be formed by the Integrated Landscape Management aimed at the regulation and control of socio-economic development in harmony with protection of nature, natural resources and environment. The condition of such a development is a developed society and international cooperation at least in the European space.